A recently conducted survey has revealed that it might be possible to treat male infertility through the use of bone marrow stem cells. The research conducted, which was published in an issue of ‘The American Journal of Pathology’, showed that when stem cells of bone marrow were transplanted into the testis of a male, there was the potential for overcoming testicular failure.
Under normal circumstances, when a couple tries to conceive a child, but is unable to do so, it is more often than not the male who is responsible. Due to differentiation and proliferation of the germ cells or even due to any type of dysfunction from supporting cells, a male might experience infertility. The research study which was carried out under the direction of Dr. Ronald S. Swerdloff, was undertaken with the intention of replacing nonfunctioning germ or other cells with stem cells.
At the Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, mice which expressed the green fluorescent protein (GFP) were used for the collection of bone marrow stem cells. Using chemically modified mice so as to induce infertility, these green cells were then injected into the testes of the mice and the results were noted. For the entire 12 week period, the GFP cells that were injected into the mice managed to survive and took up residency in the testes. These cells managed to mirror the characteristics of germ cells, an indication of the separation of such cells. The research also found that many of the differentiated cells were located very close to the native cells perhaps due to the influence of the local cellular environment.
GFP 3D structure and its extraction source - jellyfish Aequrea Victoria (source Wikipedia)
By verifying certain proteins on the surface of the donor cells, Dr Ronald S. Swerdloff and his team found that the germ and supporting cells expressed types of proteins that were usually found only in differentiated cells. Says Dr. Swerdloff, “Our findings indicate that it is possible for bone marrow stem cells to multiply and act like the germ or supporting cells that are responsible for sperm production in the testes. However, additional factors might be involved as can be seen from the fact that the germ cells did not completely separate into sperm.”
There is the need for further studies that can list the various hormones that are required for the production of sperm in the transplanted model. Further testing can also reveal which are the specific stem cells that can differentiate and colonize in the testes. These studies could have a great implication in being able to treat testosterone deficiency or male inefficiency.
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